90后退休时间可能要延迟到七八十岁
据界面新闻，近日，国内经济人口学家、携程董事长梁建章在接受采访时表示，中国目前正经历着人口老龄化趋势。三十年后的老人要不养老金减半，要不延迟到七八十岁退休。
🤔️小作业：
1. According to the survey, which generation expects to retire at the youngest age on average?
A) Baby Boomers
B) Generation X
C) Generation Y
D) All generations plan to retire at the same age.
A) A majority believes it will be easily achievable.
B) Over 40% feel it will require a miracle.
C) Less than 30% have doubts about their financial security.
D) Baby Boomers are the most confident generation.
无注释原文：
Here is the age when many Americans hope to retire
From: CNBC, JAN 3 2022
Many workers look forward to the day when they can retire.
A recent survey from Natixis Investment Managers set out to find out exactly when most Americans hope to stop working.
The average age is 62, the research found.
However, it turns out when people to hang up their hats varies by generation.
The youngest cohort, Generation Y — ages 25 to 40 — plans to retire at an average age of 59. For Generation X — now 41 to 56 — the average age is 60. Baby boomers — who range from 57 to 75 — indicated they plan to work longer, with an average expected retirement age of 68.
That's as 83% of non-retired U.S. investors said they are confident they will be financially secure in retirement. That includes 88% of Gen Y, 82% of Gen X and 79% of baby boomers.
Even so, 41% of respondents said achieving financial security in retirement is “going to take a miracle,” the survey found. That sentiment was highest among Gen Y, with 46%, and Gen X, 45%, while baby boomers came in with 30%.
While there is a general sense of confidence, the results show there are a number of questions people have with regard to retirement planning, said Dave Goodsell, executive director at Natixis' Center for Investor Insight.
Those questions include: When am I going to retire? How much money am I going to need? How long will the money need to last?
“There are a lot of things that cause nagging doubt for people,” Goodsell said.
The survey included 750 U.S. investors who had a median of $450,000 in investable assets. The U.S. results are part of a global survey of 8,550 individual investors. Notably, the average retirement age for that broader group around the world was also 62.
In the wake of Covid-19, financial advisors say, many clients are now asking, “Can I retire earlier?”
Much of whether or not that can happen in the future depends on the actions workers take now.
Certain strategies can help you save more with the money you already earn.
Increasing your income — particularly through a side hustle — can help you reach your retirement savings goals even faster.
“I tell my clients, if you want to shave off 10 years pre-retirement, that means we really need to hustle now and find other ways to bring in income,” said Winnie Sun, managing director of Sun Group Wealth Partners in Irvine, California.
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Here is the age when many Americans hope to retire
From: CNBC, JAN 3 2022
Many workers look forward to the day when they can retire.
众多职场人士都憧憬着退休的那一天。
A recent survey from Natixis Investment Managers set out to find out exactly when most Americans hope to stop working.
法盛资产管理公司（Natixis Investment Managers）最近进行了一项调查，试图了解大多数美国人期望退休的具体年龄。
set out
set out 1）表示“出发，启程”，英文解释为“to start a journey”
2）表示“（怀着特定目的）开始，着手”，英文解释为“to start an activity with a particular aim”举个🌰：She set out with the aim of becoming the youngest ever winner of the championship. 她努力的目标就是成为历史上最年轻的冠军。They set out to discover a cure for cancer. 他们开始寻找一种治愈癌症的方法。
3）set sth out 表示“（尤指书面）详述，阐明”，英文解释为“to give the details of something or to explain it, especially in writing, in a clear, organized way”举个🌰：The board has set out its goals/plans/proposals for the coming year. 董事会阐述了下一年的目标/计划/建议。
The average age is 62, the research found.
调查发现，平均年龄为62岁。
However, it turns out when people to hang up their hats varies by generation.
然而，事实证明，不同世代的人希望退休的时间也不尽相同。
hang up one's hat
表示“停止工作，退休或结束某个职业生涯”，英文解释为“To retire or cease working or performing some task or duty that one has done for a long time.”
📍字面上看，这个短语描绘了一个人回到家中，挂起帽子的动作，意味着一天工作的结束，或者更广义地，职业生活的结束。
The youngest cohort, Generation Y — ages 25 to 40 — plans to retire at an average age of 59. For Generation X — now 41 to 56 — the average age is 60. Baby boomers — who range from 57 to 75 — indicated they plan to work longer, with an average expected retirement age of 68.
最年轻的Y世代（现年25岁到40岁）计划退休的平均年龄为59岁。对于X世代（现年41至56岁）来说，计划退休的平均年龄为60岁。婴儿潮一代（现年57岁到75岁）则表示，他们计划工作更久一些，计划退休的平均年龄为68岁。
cohort
cohort /ˈkoʊ.hɔːrt/ 表示“有共同特点（通常指年龄）的一群人”，英文解释为“a group of people who share a characteristic, usually age”举个🌰：This study followed up a cohort of 100 patients aged 65+ for six months after their discharge home. 这项研究对100位年龄在65岁以上、出院回家的患者进行了6个月的跟踪观察。
📍词根“co-”表示“共同”，“hort”来自拉丁语“cohors”，意味着“围栏，团体”，整体意思是一群共同被“围栏”起来的人，即共同经历某事的一组人。常用短语：Birth cohort（出生队列）：指在同一时间段出生的人群，常用于研究随时间变化的健康模式或疾病趋势。 Cohort study（队列研究）：一种观察性研究，跟踪并分析特定特征的一组人随时间的变化。
Generation Y
Generation Y /ˌdʒen.ə ˈreɪ.ʃən ˈwaɪ/ 表示“Y世代（用来描述出生于1980至1990年代初的人）”，英文解释为“a way of referring to the group of people who were born in the 1980s and early 1990s”举个🌰：Generation Y, the baby-boomers' children, will be the most adept ever with emerging technology. Y世代是二战后出生潮那一代人的孩子，是对新兴科技最适擅长的。
Generation X
Generation X /ˌdʒen.ə ˈreɪ.ʃən ˈeks/ 表示“X世代（用来描述出生于1960至1970年代的人）”，英文解释为“a way of referring to the group of people who were born in the 1960s and 1970s”举个🌰：Members of Generation X are often portrayed as having no clear direction to their lives. X世代的人通常被描绘为人生没有明确的方向。
baby boomer
baby-boomer /ˈbeɪ.biˌbuːm.ər/ 表示“（尤指1945至1965年间英国和美国）生育高峰期出生的人”，英文解释为“a person who was born during a baby boom, especially the one that happened in the UK and the US following the Second World War”
indicate
indicate /ˈɪn.dɪ.keɪt/ 表示“标示；表明；显示；暗示”，英文解释为“to show, point, or make clear in another way”举个🌰：Exploratory investigations have indicated large amounts of oil below the sea bed. 勘测调查表明海床下有大量的石油。
That's as 83% of non-retired U.S. investors said they are confident they will be financially secure in retirement. That includes 88% of Gen Y, 82% of Gen X and 79% of baby boomers.
与此同时，83%未退休的美国投资者表示，他们对退休后的财务状况抱有信心。其中包括88%的Y世代、82%的X世代和79%的婴儿潮一代都对自己退休后的财务状况抱有信心。
Even so, 41% of respondents said achieving financial security in retirement is “going to take a miracle,” the survey found. That sentiment was highest among Gen Y, with 46%, and Gen X, 45%, while baby boomers came in with 30%.
即便如此，调查发现，41%的受访者表示，退休后财务状况有保障“需要奇迹”。这一观点在Y世代和X世代中的比例最高，分别为46%和45%，而在婴儿潮一代中的比例则为30%。
respondent
respondent /rɪˈspɒn.dənt/ 表示“回答者；答复者；应答者”，英文解释为“a person who answers a request for information”举个🌰：In a recent opinion poll, a majority of respondents were against nuclear weapons. 在最近的一次民意调查中，大多数调查对象表示反对发展核武器。
sentiment
sentiment /ˈsen.tɪ.mənt/表示“观点；意见；看法；情绪”，英文解释为“a thought, opinion, or idea based on a feeling about a situation, or a way of thinking about something”举个🌰：I don't think she shares my sentiments. 我认为她不同意我的观点。
While there is a general sense of confidence, the results show there are a number of questions people have with regard to retirement planning, said Dave Goodsell, executive director at Natixis' Center for Investor Insight.
法盛投资者洞察中心（Center for Investor Insight）执行董事戴夫·古德塞尔（Dave Goodsell）表示，尽管人们普遍有信心，但调查结果显示，人们在退休规划方面仍有许多疑问。
Those questions include: When am I going to retire? How much money am I going to need? How long will the money need to last?
这些问题包括：我什么时候退休？我需要多少钱？这笔钱需要维持多久?
“There are a lot of things that cause nagging doubt for people,” Goodsell said.
古德塞尔说：“有很多事情会令人忧虑。”
nagging
nagging /ˈnæɡ.ɪŋ/ 作形容词，1）表示“抱怨的；指责的”，英文解释为“complaining or criticizing”如：a nagging voice 抱怨声；
2）表示“令人心烦不已的；纠缠不休的”，英文解释为“used to describe an unpleasant feeling that continues for a long period of time”如：nagging doubts/pain 难以消除的疑虑/令人不得安宁的疼痛。
作名词，表示“抱怨；指责”，英文解释为“complaining and criticizing”举个🌰：I got sick of her constant nagging. 我对她没完没了的抱怨感到厌烦。
📍“nagging doubt”指的是持续不断、难以摆脱的怀疑或疑虑。这种疑虑通常是长期存在的，会反复出现在人的思维中，给人带来不安或担忧。A “nagging doubt” is a doubt that’s persistent, but not very strong. You can say you have a “nagging doubt” if you frequently feel like something might go wrong, but for whatever reason you don’t act on it, and the doubt keeps coming back.
The survey included 750 U.S. investors who had a median of $450,000 in investable assets. The U.S. results are part of a global survey of 8,550 individual investors. Notably, the average retirement age for that broader group around the world was also 62.
这项调查包括750名美国投资者，他们的可投资资产中位数为45万美元。美国的调查结果是全球8550名个人投资者调查的一部分。值得注意的是，全球范围内这一群体的平均退休年龄也是62岁。
median
median /ˈmiː.di.ən/ 表示“中位数”，英文解释为“the value that is the middle one in a set of values arranged in order of size”
In the wake of Covid-19, financial advisors say, many clients are now asking, “Can I retire earlier?”
财务顾问表示，疫情之后，许多客户现在都在问，“我能提前退休吗？”
in the wake of sth
in the wake of表示“作为…的后果；随…之后而来”，英文解释为“If something happens in the wake of something else, it happens after and often because of it.”举个🌰：Airport security was extra tight in the wake of yesterday's attacks. 昨天的袭击发生之后，机场安检变得格外严格。
🎬电影《科洛弗道10号》（10 Cloverfield Lane）中的台词提到：In the wake of this afternoon's widespread blackout 在今天下午的大面积停电之后，...
🎬电影《阿波罗13号》（Apollo 13）中的台词提到：lt was that phosphorescent stuff that gets churned up in the wake of a big ship. 就是在大船驶过后被搅上来 会发出磷光的那种东西。
🎬传记电影《史蒂夫·乔布斯》（Steve Jobs）中的台词提到：Apple Computers closed two of its factories today in the wake of disappointing sales. 因为销量不佳 苹果电脑今天关闭了两家工厂。
Much of whether or not that can happen in the future depends on the actions workers take now.
未来能否提前退休在很大程度上取决于职场人士现在采取的行动。
Certain strategies can help you save more with the money you already earn.
某些策略可以帮助你用已经赚到的钱存下更多的钱。
Increasing your income — particularly through a side hustle — can help you reach your retirement savings goals even faster.
增加收入——尤其是通过副业——可以帮助你更快地达成退休储蓄目标。
side hustle
side hustle /ˈsaɪd ˌhʌs.əl/ 表示“（主要工作之外的）副业，兼职”，英文解释为“a piece of work or a job that you get paid for doing in addition to doing your main job”举个🌰：Here are some ideas for a side hustle. 以下是一些关于副业的想法。
“I tell my clients, if you want to shave off 10 years pre-retirement, that means we really need to hustle now and find other ways to bring in income,” said Winnie Sun, managing director of Sun Group Wealth Partners in Irvine, California.
“我告诉我的客户，如果你想提前10年退休，那就意味着我们现在真的需要抓紧时间，找到其他收入来源，”加州尔湾（Irvine）金融咨询公司Sun Group Wealth Partners董事总经理Winnie Sun说。
shave off
shave sth off / shave sth off sth 1）表示“剃掉，刮去（胡须）”，英文解释为“to remove a beard or moustache by shaving”
2）表示“削掉；刨去；切掉”，英文解释为“to cut very thin pieces from the surface of wood, etc.”举个🌰：I had to shave a few millimetres off the door to make it shut.我把门刨去了几毫米才能关上。
3）表示“（微量地）减少，缩小”，英文解释为“to reduce a number by a very small amount”举个🌰：He shaved a tenth of a second off the world record.他把世界纪录缩短了十分之一秒。
hustle
hustle /ˈhʌs.əl/ 作名词，表示“充满活力的行动；忙碌；熙熙攘攘”，英文解释为“energetic action”举个🌰：The team showed a lot of determination and hustle. 队伍显示出很强的决心和活力。
作动词，1）表示“推搡，推挤”，英文解释为“to make someone move quickly by pushing or pulling them along”举个🌰：After giving his speech, he was hustled out of the hall by bodyguards. 演讲结束后，他被保镖们簇拥着出了大厅。
2）表示“（尤指非法地）兜揽（生意），兜售”，英文解释为“to try to persuade someone, especially to buy something, often illegally”如：to hustle for business/customers 兜揽生意/招揽顾客。
bring sth in
1）表示“赚取，挣（钱）”，英文解释为“to make money”举个🌰：Their chain of restaurants brings in millions of dollars a year. 他们的连锁餐馆每年有几百万美元的收入。
2）表示“引进（新产品等）;制定，提出（新法律）”，英文解释为“to introduce something new such as a product or a law”举个🌰：New safety regulations have been brought in. 已经制定了新的安全规章。
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